You might have read the story that, during the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad when the Chinese flocked to the United States to seek work, American laborers wanted food but there was this Chinese cook had only bits and pieces of meat and vegetables. He tossed them together, added sauce, and chop suey was born.
A variation of the story pins the birth of chop suey during the Gold Rush. American miners demanded food, the flustered Chinese cook didn’t have much to cook with so he got creative.
The story, in either version, sounds plausible enough especially when we consider how good the Chinese are at salvaging leftovers because being wasteful is frowned upon in Asia. Just think of fried rice and you get the idea.
While the term chop suey itself, spelled that way, may be an American thing, there are anthropological bases that the Chinese-American chop suey is most probably an adaption of the Chinese tsap seui (literally, “miscellaneous leftovers”), a dish found in Guandong where many of the early Chinese immigrants to the United States came from.
The difference between the source and the adaptation is in the cooking. The immigrants who introduced the stir fry to America were not skilled cooks, and their attempt to replicate the dish from home was more Frankenstein-like than anything else.
American-style chop suey, in its earliest form, bore little resemblance to anything found in China. It was so bad that the Chinese in America did not eat it.
But all that was long ago. Today, chop suey is cooked in pretty much the same way that most meat and vegetable stir fries are. When prepared by cooks who understand the essence of stir-frying — high heat, short cooking time and just enough thick sticky brownish sauce to coat the ingredients — chop suey can be a truly delicious dish.
Start by prepping all the components — cut the chicken and vegetables, boil and peel the quail eggs, clean and cut the mushrooms, and mix the ingredients for the sauce. Do all that before you even turn on the stove. Why?
As mentioned earlier, chop suey is a stir fried dish, and proper stir frying means cooking at an intensely high heat for a short time. Once you begin cooking, there will be no time left to peel and cut the ingredients.
The cooking begins with a spice base. I like the simplicity of garlic and shallot combo. Saute them (that means medium heat) and wait until you can smell them before turning up the heat, spreading the chicken and sprinkling in salt and pepper.
Once the chicken loses its raw appearance, start adding the vegetables. Do this in sequence beginning with the one that requires the longest cooking time, and stir frying between additions. It is also important to season after each addition.
My preferred order is to add the carrot first followed by bell pepper, asparagus, green beans and, lastly, white cabbage. The quality and texture of vegetables differ. If your carrot is quite young and tender, for instance, it doesn’t have to go in first. You will have to determine the order that works best for you.
Once all the vegetables have been stir fried with the chicken, the mushrooms and quail eggs go in. The stir frying continues before the sauce is poured in.
Stir fry some more until the sauce thickens, loses its cloudy appearance and coats every piece of solid ingredient. Give your chicken chop suey a final taste, adjust the seasonings if needed, and serve immediately.
Chicken Chop Suey
Ingredients
Sauce
- 1 cup chicken bone broth
- 1 tablespoon soy sauce
- 2 tablespoons Shaoxing rice wine
- 1 ½ tablespoons oyster sauce
- 1 teaspoon sugar
- ¼ teaspoon sesame seed oil
- 1 heaping tablespoon tapioca starch - or potato starch or corn starch
To stir fry
- 2 tablespoons cooking oil
- 2 cloves garlic - peeled and crushed
- 2 shallots - peeled and finely sliced
- 400 grams chicken thigh fillets - cut into thin strips
- salt
- pepper
- 1 carrot - peeled and cut into thin slices
- 1 bell pepper - deseeded and diced
- 8 asparagus spears - cut into two-inch lengths
- 6 green beans - stringed and cut into one-inch lengths
- ½ medium head white cabbage - cored and cut into half-inch slices
- 24 quail eggs - hard boiled and peeled
- 4 shiitake mushrooms - (caps only) halved or quartered
- 100 grams oyster mushrooms - separated
Instructions
- In a bowl, stir together all the ingredients for the sauce.
- Heat the cooking oil in a wok.
- Saute the garlic and shallots for half a minute.
- Turn up the heat and spread the chicken in the hot oil. Sprinkle with salt and pepper.
- Stir fry just until the chicken is no longer pink.
- Add the carrot slices (they take longest to cook so they go in first). Stir fry for half a minute.
- Add the bell pepper, asparagus and green beans. Sprinkle with more salt and pepper. Stir fry for one minute.
- Add the cabbage and sprinkle in some salt and pepper. Stir fry for half a minute.
- Add the quail eggs, shiitake and oyster mushrooms. Again, sprinkle with a bit of salt and pepper. Stir fry for half a minute.
- Stir the sauce to loosen the starch that settled in the bottom then pour into the wok with the chicken and vegetables.
- Cook, stirring, until the sauce is thick and clear.
- Taste and adjust the seasonings, if needed.
